Healthcare quality is a multidimensional academic concept and a central focus of health services research. It systematically investigates the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge. This field analyzes the structures, processes, and outcomes of care delivery, emphasizing dimensions such as safety, effectiveness, patient-centeredness, timeliness, efficiency, and equity, with the aim of informing policy, practice, and research to optimize health system performance and patient well-being.